Munich Airport

Integrated Report 2025

VII. Notes to the statement of financial position

Impairment losses are presented in the consolidated statement of profit or loss among depreciation and amortization. Income from the reversal of impairments is presented among other income.

1. Intangible assets

The carrying amounts of intangible assets developed as follows:

Changes in the carrying amounts of intangible assets

TEUR

Intangible assets

Acquired

Internally generated

Total

Miscellaneous

Advance payments

Completed

Cost

As of Jan. 1, 2025

64,130

1,721

6,872

72,723

Additions

8,091

5,408

576

14,075

Disposals

−6,494

0

0

−6,494

Disposals from deconsolidation

−560

−67

0

−627

Transfers/reclassificatios

731

−326

893

1,298

As of Dec. 31, 2025

65,898

6,736

8,341

80,975

Accumulated amortization

As of Jan. 1, 2025

49,246

0

5,367

54,613

Scheduled

1,681

0

581

2,262

Disposals

−2,911

0

0

−2,911

Disposals from deconsolidation

−542

0

0

−542

As of Dec. 31, 2025

47,474

0

5,948

53,422

Carrying amount Jan. 1, 2025

14,884

1,721

1,505

18,110

Carrying amount Dec. 31, 2025

18,424

6,736

2,393

27,553

Changes in the carrying amounts of intangible assets

TEUR

Intangible assets

Acquired

Internally generated

Total

Miscellaneous

Advance
payments

Completed

Cost

As of Jan. 1, 2024

64,688

991

6,440

72,119

Additions

7,416

1,631

109

9,156

Disposals

−8,669

0

−587

−9,256

Disposals of assets classified as held for sale

−173

0

0

−173

Transfers/reclassifications

868

−901

910

877

As of Dec. 31, 2024

64,130

1,721

6,872

72,723

Accumulated amortization

As of Jan. 1, 2024

52,243

0

5,309

57,552

Scheduled

2,755

0

645

3,400

Impairment

15

0

0

15

Disposals

−5,596

0

−587

−6,183

Disposals of assets classified as held for sale

−171

0

0

−171

As of Dec. 31, 2024

49,246

0

5,367

54,613

Carrying amount Jan. 1, 2024

12,445

991

1,131

14,567

Carrying amount Dec. 31, 2024

14,884

1,721

1,505

18,110

Acquired intangible assets include emission rights with a carrying amount of TEUR 15,035 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 11,819). Emission rights are intangible assets with indefinite useful lives.

Additions to intangible assets include TEUR 293 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 15) in capitalized development costs.

2. Property, plant and equipment Summary

The carrying amounts of property, plant and equipment for own use developed as follows:

Changes in the carrying amounts of property, plant and equipment for own use

TEUR

Land

Buildings and other constructions on own land

Technical equipment and machinery

Operating and office equipment

Property, plant and equipment under construction

Total

Cost

As of Jan. 1, 2025

1,888,371

4,668,395

2,116,395

427,713

676,180

9,777,054

Additions

2,282

8,712

16,144

43,315

300,013

370,466

Disposals

−110

−3,037

−29,458

−31,868

−6

−64,479

Disposals from deconsolidation

0

0

0

−385

0

−385

Transfers/reclassifications

−1,516

−10,455

35,866

18,163

−74,703

−32,645

Other

0

0

−2

−715

−9,448

−10,165

Currency translation

0

−356

0

−72

0

−428

As of Dec. 31, 2025

1,889,027

4,663,259

2,138,945

456,151

892,036

10,039,418

Accumulated depreciation

As of Jan. 1, 2025

15,204

2,843,039

1,502,318

341,900

0

4,702,461

Scheduled

7

103,410

55,949

30,787

0

190,153

Impairment

0

0

625

26

460

1,111

Disposals

−16

−2,527

−28,406

−30,492

−6

−61,447

Disposals from deconsolidation

0

0

0

−272

0

−272

Transfers/reclassifications

0

−7,032

2

0

0

−7,030

Currency translation

0

−85

0

−53

0

−138

As of Dec. 31, 2025

15,195

2,936,805

1,530,488

341,896

454

4,824,838

Carrying amount Jan. 1, 2025

1,873,167

1,825,356

614,077

85,813

676,180

5,074,593

Carrying amount Dec. 31, 2025

1,873,832

1,726,454

608,457

114,255

891,582

5,214,580

Changes in the carrying amounts of property, plant and equipment for own use

TEUR

Land

Buildings and other construc-tions on own land

Technical equipment and machinery

Operating and office equipment

Property, plant and equipment under construc-
tion

Total

Cost

As of Jan. 1, 2024

1,887,296

4,632,810

2,096,599

415,081

483,043

9,514,829

Additions

956

14,233

8,443

27,513

246,667

297,812

Disposals

−10

−4,992

−4,728

−19,846

−1,646

−31,222

Disposals of assets classified as held for sale

0

0

−747

−1,658

−19

−2,424

Transfers/reclassifications

129

26,160

16,828

6,586

−51,865

−2,162

Currency translation

0

184

0

37

0

221

As of Dec. 31, 2024

1,888,371

4,668,395

2,116,395

427,713

676,180

9,777,054

Accumulated depreciation

As of Jan. 1, 2024

14,979

2,737,478

1,452,600

334,470

0

4,539,527

Scheduled

11

105,889

54,589

26,851

0

187,340

Impairment

224

4,737

123

51

1,340

6,475

Disposals

−10

−4,643

−4,502

−18,213

−1,340

−28,708

Disposals of assets classified as held for sale

0

0

−489

−1,284

0

−1,773

Transfers/reclassifications

0

-458

-3

0

0

−461

Currency translation

0

36

0

25

0

61

As of Dec. 31, 2024

15,204

2,843,039

1,502,318

341,900

0

4,702,461

Carrying amount Jan. 1, 2024

1,872,317

1,895,332

643,999

80,611

483,043

4,975,302

Carrying amount Dec. 31, 2024

1,873,167

1,825,356

614,077

85,813

676,180

5,074,593

Land is partially burdened with leasehold rights, usufructs and similar rights. The carrying amount of these properties is TEUR 5,669 (De­cem­ber 31, 2024: TEUR 5,669).

A total of TEUR 692,898 (De­cem­ber 31, 2024: TEUR 724,967) of the buildings owned by Flughafen München GmbH subsidiaries and a to­tal of TEUR 4,311 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 12,921) of the tech­ni­cal equipment and machinery, operating and office equipment, and property, plant and equipment under construction owned by the sub­sidiaries serve as collateral for long-term loans.

There are obligations to acquire property, plant and equipment total­ing TEUR 110,160 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 204,486).

The effects of changes in estimates of fixed assets relate in the 2025 fiscal year in particular to changed estimates regarding the usability of assets.

Additions to the aquisition or production costs for assets under con­struction include general borrowing costs of TEUR 15,883 (Decem­ber 31, 2024: TEUR 9,736). The capitalization of general borrowing costs in the 2025 fiscal year is based on a capitalization rate of 2.51% (2024: 2.25%).

Property, plant and equipment for own use included right-of-use assets from leases, which are broken down as follows:

Right-of-use assets

TEUR

Land

Buildings

Technical equipment and machinery

Operating and office equipment

Total

Carrying amounts as of Jan. 1, 2025

26

12,706

333

2,270

15,335

Depreciation

−7

−1,439

−113

−5,849

−7,408

Carrying amounts as of Dec. 31, 2025

19

12,051

220

4,312

16,602

Land

Buildings

Technical equipment and machinery

Operating and office equipment

Total

Carrying amounts as of Jan. 1, 2024

38

12,874

445

1,906

15,263

Depreciation

−11

−2,767

−113

−3,246

−6,137

Carrying amounts as of Dec. 31, 2024

26

12,706

333

2,270

15,335

Additions to right-of-use assets totaled TEUR 9,293 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 6,776).

In the area of buildings/property, the Group rents residential build­ings as well as office and warehouse space in particular. These lease agreements may include renewal and termination options.

Operating and office equipment includes, among other things, right-of-use assets from the leasing of IT hardware, vehicles, and other operating and office equipment.

Individual lease contracts include various renewal options. These re­newal options result in possible future cash outflows of TEUR 15,685 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 14,507). These have not been included in the recognized lease liabilities as it is not sufficiently certain that these contracts will be extended. This assessment is reviewed when­ever a significant event or change in circumstances occurs that may affect the previous assessment – provided this is within the control of the lessee.

Owner-occupied land and buildings are partially leased out. The leases are all operating leases. The carrying amounts of land and buildings leased out changed as follows:

Change in the carrying amount of land and buildings leased out

TEUR

Land

Buildings

Cost

As of Jan. 1, 2025

105,546

726,087

Additions

0

720

Disposals

0

−160

Transfers/reclassifications

0

40,345

As of Dec. 31, 2025

105,546

766,992

Accumulated depreciation

As of Jan. 1, 2025

0

503,740

Scheduled

0

14,405

Disposals

0

−100

Other changes

0

31,774

As of Dec. 31, 2025

0

549,819

Carrying amount Jan. 1, 2025

105,546

222,347

Carrying amount Dec. 31, 2025

105,546

217,173

Change in the carrying amount of land and buildings leased out

TEUR

Land

Buildings

Cost

As of Jan. 1, 2024

105,546

739,209

Additions

0

2,093

Disposals

0

−425

Transfers/reclassifications

0

−14,790

As of Dec. 31, 2024

105,546

726,087

Accumulated depreciation

 

 

As of Jan. 1, 2024

0

493,172

Scheduled

0

14,178

Disposals

0

−425

Other changes

0

−3,185

As of Dec. 31, 2024

0

503,740

Carrying amount Jan. 1, 2024

105,546

246,037

Carrying amount Dec. 31, 2024

105,546

222,347

3. Investment property Summary

The carrying amounts of investment property developed as follows:

Change in the carrying amounts of investment property

TEUR

Land

Buildings

Total

Cost

As of Jan. 1, 2025

101,324

266,670

367,994

Additions

2,908

15,303

18,211

Disposals

−137

−135

−272

Transfers/reclassifications

3,239

27,466

30,705

As of Dec. 31, 2025

107,334

309,304

416,638

Accumulated depreciation

As of Jan. 1, 2025

1,826

162,378

164,204

Scheduled

0

4,537

4,537

Impairment

0

0

0

Disposals

0

−135

−135

Transfers/reclassifications

0

7,030

7,030

As of Dec. 31, 2025

1,826

173,810

175,636

Carrying amount Jan. 1, 2025

99,498

104,292

203,790

Carrying amount Dec. 31, 2025

105,508

135,494

241,002

Change in the carrying amounts of investment property

TEUR

Land

Buildings

Total

Cost

As of Jan. 1, 2024

101,345

262,902

364,247

Additions

1,015

2,841

3,856

Disposals

0

0

0

Transfers/reclassifications

−1,036

927

−109

As of Dec. 31, 2024

101,324

266,670

367,994

Accumulated depreciation

As of Jan. 1, 2024

1,325

156,488

157,813

Scheduled

0

5,429

5,429

Impairment

501

0

501

Disposals

0

0

0

Transfers/reclassifications

0

461

461

As of Dec. 31, 2024

1,826

162,378

164,204

Carrying amount Jan. 1, 2024

100,020

106,414

206,434

Carrying amount Dec. 31, 2024

99,498

104,292

203,790

Reclassifications and transfers include reclassifications to assets held for sale in the amount of TEUR 642 (2024: TEUR 1,394).

Munich Airport realized income of TEUR 14,899 (2024: TEUR 12,041) from the lease of investment property. Operating expenses (in­clud­ing repairs and maintenance) amounted to TEUR 5,941 (2024: TEUR 6,083).

Investment property is partially burdened with third-party rights (inter alia leasehold rights). The carrying amount of these properties is TEUR 12,129 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 12,129).

The fair value of all investment properties, all of which are used in accordance with the highest and best use, amounts to TEUR 339,706 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 288,639). The Group determines the fair values itself. Notes on the measurement methods and parameters can be found in Section IV.7.

4. Investments

a) Investments in companies accounted for using the equity method

The carrying amount of Investments in companies accounted for using the equity method is as follows:

Carrying amounts of investments in companies accounted for using the equity method

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

EFM

Investments in companies accounted for using the equity method

 

6,093

Flughafen München GmbH share in %

 

49

Total

Pro-rata

Current assets

5,995

2,937

Non-current assets

15,051

7,375

Current liabilities

5,478

2,684

Non-current liabilities

3,133

1,535

Revenue

32,541

15,945

Earnings before taxes

4,333

2,123

Earnings after taxes

3,082

1,510

Total comprehensive income

3,082

1,510

Carrying amounts of investments in companies accounted for using the equity method

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2024

EFM

Investments in companies accounted for using the equity method

4.585

Flughafen München GmbH share in %

49

Total

Pro-rata

Current assets

7.185

3.521

Non-current assets

8.527

4.178

Current liabilities

3.127

1.532

Non-current liabilities

3.228

1.582

Revenue

30.238

14.816

Earnings before taxes

3.667

1.796

Earnings after taxes

3.667

1.796

Total comprehensive income

3.667

1.796

Carrying amounts of investments in companies accounted for using the equity method

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

Cargogate

Investments in companies accounted for

using the equity method

918

Flughafen München GmbH share in %

25.1

Total

Pro-rata

Current assets

4,656

1,169

Non-current assets

507

127

Current liabilities

1,341

337

Non-current liabilities

2,300

557

Revenue

11,613

2,915

Earnings before taxes

736

185

Earnings after taxes

510

128

Total comprehensive income

510

128

The fiscal year of EFM begins on October 1 and ends on September 30 of the following year. For reasons of materiality, no interim financial statements have been prepared. The financial statements are includ­ed with a different reporting date after adjustments for results from material business transactions between October 1 and December 31.

b) Investments in joint operations

No significant business operations were started in the ORAT AMS Group V.O.F., Amsterdam/Netherlands, in 2025. Therefore, no further details are provided.

5. Non-current financial assets

Carrying amounts and fair values of non-current financial assets are attributable to the measurement categories described in Section IV.7.c) as follows:

Carrying amount and fair value of non-current financial assets

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

At fair value through profit or loss

At amortized cost

No IFRS 9 measurement category

Total

Carrying amount

Fair value

Carrying amount

Fair value

Carrying amount

Fair value

Carrying amount

Fair value

Trade receivables

0

0

574

574

0

0

574

574

Other receivables

0

0

584

584

0

0

584

584

Receivables

0

0

1,158

1,158

0

0

1,158

1,158

Derivative financial assets (hedge accounting)

0

0

0

0

1,506

1,506

1,506

1,506

Other financial assets

0

0

0

0

1,506

1,506

1,506

1,506

Non-current financial assets

0

0

1,158

1,158

1,506

1,506

2,664

2,664

As of Dec. 31, 2024

At fair value through profit or loss

At amortized cost

No IFRS 9 measurement category

Total

Carrying amount

Fair value

Carrying amount

Fair value

Carrying amount

Fair value

Carrying amount

Fair value

Trade receivables

0

0

743

743

0

0

743

743

Other receivables

0

0

46

46

0

0

46

46

Receivables

0

0

789

789

0

0

789

789

Derivative financial assets (hedge accounting)

0

0

0

0

36

36

36

36

Other financial assets

0

0

0

0

36

36

36

36

Non-current financial assets

0

0

789

789

36

36

825

825

The carrying amount of non-current financial assets includes expect­ed credit losses. As in the previous year, none of the non-current fi­nancial assets were categorized as due.

The Group has other financial assets with a gross carrying amount of TEUR 1,160 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 789) and contract assets totaling TEUR 24,027 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 37,015). These were assigned the rating classes BBB- to AAA. As of the reporting date impairment losses amounted to TEUR 2 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 0) for other financial assets and TEUR 88 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 186) for contract assets.

Information on derivatives can be found in Section VII.16.

6. Deferred taxes Summary

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are allocated to the following bal­ance sheet items with reference to their origin:

Allocation of deferred tax assets and liabilities to balance sheet items

TEUR

Deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities

As of Dec. 31, 2025

As of Dec. 31, 2024

As of Dec. 31, 2025

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Intangible assets

246

321

685

433

Property, plant and equipment

1,510

3,122

344,683

416,069

Investment property

11,608

13,413

10,155

11,884

Inventories

15

19

277

294

Financial and non-financial assets

738

2,516

950

1,681

thereof derivatives in cash flow hedges

0

75

343

101

Assets

14,117

19,391

356,750

430,361

Other financial liabilities

14,061

13,795

8,656

8,930

thereof derivatives in cash flow hedges

197

723

0

0

Provisions

3,333

5,112

2,314

2,297

Employee benefits

7,088

8,097

26

0

thereof pension commitments and other long-term employee benefits

4,401

5,558

26

0

Other liabilities

329

353

1,408

986

Liabilities

24,811

27,357

12,404

12,213

Consolidation

201

0

0

914

Losses carried forward

106,414

136,113

0

0

Impairment on losses carried forward

−57

−65

0

0

Losses carried forward

106,357

136,048

0

0

Total

145,486

182,796

369,154

443,488

Offsetting

−103,653

−150,357

−103,653

−150,357

Amount recognized

41,833

32,439

265,501

293,131

The effects of the change in deferred tax assets and liabilities on the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income are shown in the following overview:

Effects of the change in deferred tax assets and liabilities on the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income

TEUR

2025

2024

As of Jan. 1

260,692

238,432

Derivatives in cash flow hedges

71

−113

Pension commitments and other long-term employee benefits

497

1,031

Miscellaneous other temporary

differences

−68,741

−1,417

Losses carried forward

29,690

23,158

Deferred taxes affecting profit or loss

−38,483

22,659

Derivatives in cash flow hedges

773

−390

Pension commitments and other long-term employee benefits

686

−9

Deferred taxes not affecting profit or loss

1,459

−399

As of Dec. 31

223,668

260,692

TEUR 637 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 721) of the trade tax loss carryforwards has not been recognized. Losses carried forward do not expire.

TEUR 106,357 of the carrying amount of the deferred tax assets relates to loss carryforwards (December 31, 2024: TEUR 136,048). In addition to the amount of deferred tax liabilities that can be off­set, deferred tax assets on losses carried forward are only recog­nized to the extent that they can be offset against expected taxable profits.

TEUR 562 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 366) of deferred tax assets and TEUR 265,501 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 293,131) of deferred tax liabilities are expected to be realized more than twelve months after the end of the reporting period.

The companies included in the consolidated financial statements are corporations and partner­ships. In accordance with Section 8b (1) in conjunction with Section 8b (5) of the Körperschaftsteuergesetz (KStG – Corporate Tax Act) and/or Section 8b (2) in conjunction with Section 8b (5) KStG, 95% of the difference between the carrying amount for tax purposes of an investment in a corporation included in the consolidated financial statements and its net assets in accor­dance with IFRS is exempt from taxation.

No additional differences emerge between the net assets of partner­ships for tax purposes depicted in accordance with the mirror image method and the net assets in accor­dance with IFRS beyond the tem­porary differences taken into account at individual company level.

7. Inventories

The carrying amount of inventories was as follows:

Composition of the carrying amount of inventories

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Raw materials, supplies

and consumables

9,858

9,840

Merchandise

22,094

21,056

Advance payments

28

0

Total

31,980

30,896

TEUR 22,094 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 21,040) of the carrying amount is attributed to merchandise measured at the net realizable value.

The cost of materials includes expenses from impairment losses on merchandise amounting to TEUR 2,252 (2024: TEUR 1,491). In the reporting year, TEUR 544 (2024: TEUR 469) in impairment reversals were offset against the cost of materials. The cost of goods and materials amounted to TEUR 109,945 (2024: TEUR 105,049).

8. Current financial assets Summary

The carrying amounts of current financial assets are attributable to the measurement categories described in Section IV.7.c) as follows. The carrying amount is a reasonable approximation of fair value.

Carrying amounts of current financial assets

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

At fair value through profit or loss

At amortized cost

No IFRS 9 measurement category

Total

Trade receivables

0

95,129

0

95,129

Other receivables

0

18,041

0

18,041

Receivables

0

113,170

0

113,170

Current financial assets

0

113,170

0

113,170

As of Dec. 31, 2024

At fair value through profit or loss

At amortized cost

No IFRS 9 measurement category

Total

Trade receivables

0

112,027

0

112,027

Other receivables

0

10,261

0

10,261

Receivables

0

122,288

0

122,288

Derivative financial assets (hedge accounting)

0

0

139

139

Other financial assets

0

0

139

139

Current financial assets

0

122,288

139

122,427

a) Current trade receivables and contract assets

Default risks on trade receivables and contract assets are taken into account by impairment losses for expected credit losses (see Sec­tion IV.7.f)). The amortized costs of the trade receivables include ex­pected credit losses that are calculated using the simplified approach. Munich Airport monitors the credit risk by using credit default swap spreads and rating information from popular market data providers together with available press and supervisory infor­mation on debtors to determine expected credit losses. Individual value adjustments for trade receivables are recognized separately. Impairment losses of TEUR 2,493 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 1,782) relate to trade re­ceiv­ables (TEUR 2,481; December 31, 2024: TEUR 1,770) and contract assets from contracts with customers (TEUR 12; December 31, 2024: TEUR 12).

The table below contains a more detailed analysis of the credit qua­lity of these receivables:

Analysis of the credit quality

TEUR

Default risk rating class as of Dec. 31, 2025

Rating class

Lifetime expected credit loss

Gross carrying amount

Portfolio

Not impaired

Impaired

Collective

Individual

Individual consideration

BBB− to AAA

5

0

17,511

Individual consideration – impaired

D to CCC

0

2,443

2,472

Cluster – Aviation

BB− to BB+

5

0

27,755

Cluster – Non-Aviation

BB− to BB+

11

0

30,958

Cluster – Retail trade

BB− to BB+

5

0

8,971

Cluster – Hotel/gastronomy

BB− to BB+

3

0

5,629

Cluster – Consultancy business

BB− to BB+

9

0

4,888

 

 

38

2,443

98,184

Cluster – Contract assets

BBB− to AAA

5

0

2,856

Cluster – Contract assets from the consultancy business

BBB− to AAA

7

0

9,600

 

 

12

0

12,456

 

 

50

2,443

110,640

Analysis of the credit quality

TEUR

Default risk rating class as of Dec. 31, 2024

Rating class

Lifetime expected credit loss

Gross carrying amount

Portfolio

Not impaired

Impaired

Collective

Individual

Individual consideration

BBB− to AAA

15

0

34,406

Individual consideration – impaired

D to CCC

0

1,717

7,846

Cluster – Aviation

BB− to BB+

6

0

23,348

Cluster – Non-Aviation

BB− to BB+

11

0

29,075

Cluster – Retail trade

BB− to BB+

4

0

8,152

Cluster – Hotel/gastronomy

BB− to BB+

4

0

6,221

Cluster – Consultancy business

BB− to BB+

13

0

5,492

53

1,717

114,540

Cluster – Contract assets

BBB− to AAA

3

0

1,273

Cluster – Contract assets from the consultancy business

BBB− to AAA

9

0

10,666

 

 

12

0

11,939

 

 

65

1,717

126,479

The impairments on trade receivables and contract assets have deve­loped as follows:

Impairment for expected credit losses

TEUR

Lifetime expected credit loss

Not impaired

Impaired

Collective

Individual

As of Jan. 1, 2024

64

1,912

Amounts amortized (consumption)

0

−166

Net remeasurement of impairment (+ addition – reversal)

1

−29

Dec. 31, 2024/Jan. 1, 2025

65

1,717

Amounts amortized (consumption)

0

0

Net remeasurement of impairment (+ addition – reversal)

−15

726

As of Dec. 31, 2025

50

2,443

Receivables not due for payment relate to debtors of varying credit­worthiness. When determining the need for impairment for the finan­cial assets, insolvencies, legal disputes and payment defaults, among other factors, were used to determine if there was objective evidence of an impairment.

Receivables arising from leases are secured through security depo­sits and guarantees. Handling services are rendered only against deposit of cash collateral and bank guarantees. TEUR 2,586 (De­cem­ber 31, 2024: TEUR 3,507) of the receivables from rental agreements are covered by security deposits amounting to TEUR 4,478 (Decem­ber 31, 2024: TEUR 5,226) and by guarantees and other collateral amounting to TEUR 42,141 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 40,524). TEUR 13,378 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 9,733) of the receivables from handling services are secured by cash collateral and bank guar­antees as well as other collateral in the amount of TEUR 25,395 (De­cember 31, 2024: TEUR 19,270). Since the collateral can be drawn down in full on a regular basis and immediately without incurring any further costs, the exposure amount to be taken into account for cal­culating expected credit losses is reduced by the amount of the re­spec­tive collateral.

Of the trade receivables of Flughafen München GmbH’s subsidiaries, TEUR 3,341 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 2,739) was pledged as col­later­al for loan debts. The pledge was made by means of an undis­closed assignment in accordance with Section 398 Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB – German Civil Code). Flughafen München GmbH itself does not pledge any assets as collateral for debt capital.

b) Current other receivables

The following analysis shows the main components of current other receivables:

Carrying amounts of current other receivables

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Debit balances in trade payables

5,336

3,517

Receivables in connection with public authorities and VAT

4,428

0

Supplier bonuses

4,268

2,573

Receivables from associates and investments

1,124

1,144

Receivables in connection with grants

286

681

Receivables from guarantees

198

217

Miscellaneous

2,401

2,129

Total

18,041

10,261

Significant risks of default for other current receivables are recognized with impairment losses (see Section IV.7f)). Impairment losses are offset against the carrying amount.

The amortized costs of other receivables include expected credit los­ses that are calculated using the general approach. Munich Airport monitors credit risk by using credit default swap spreads and rating information from popular market data providers together with avail­able press and supervisory information on debtors to determine ex­pected credit losses. Individual value adjustments of other receiv­ables are recognized separately.

The Group had other current receivables with a gross carrying amount of TEUR 18,060 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 10,272). As in the previ­ous year, these were assigned to the rating classes BB to BBB. Im­pairment losses amounted to TEUR 19 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 11) as of the end of the reporting period.

The current other receivables are not to be considered as due. They relate to debtors of varying creditworthiness.

9. Other assets

The carrying amount of other assets was comprised as follows:

Carrying amounts of other assets

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Receivables from taxes and other levies

29,427

29,247

Miscellaneous non-financial receivables

694

109

Non-financial receivables

30,121

29,356

Maintenance services

13,874

9,403

Accruals in connection with air transport

2,514

3,586

Miscellaneous other prepaid expenses

3,689

3,857

Prepaid expenses

20,077

16,846

Other assets

50,198

46,202

of which current

41,226

37,707

of which non-current

8,972

8,495

10. Cash and cash equivalents

The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents was comprised as follows:

Carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Short-term deposits

13,928

13,478

Deposits at banks

10,967

7,063

Cash on hand

1,200

1,693

Cash and cash equivalents

12,167

8,756

Total

26,095

22,234

The composition and the net balance of cash and cash equivalents corresponds to the net balance of cash and cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows.

Cash and cash equivalents are measured at «amortized cost». Their carrying amount corresponds to the fair value.

The amortized cost of cash and cash equivalents includes expected credit losses that are calculated using the general approach. Munich Airport reduces the credit risk in that it invests primarily in financial instruments with at least an investment grade rating. The rating in­formation is acquired from popular market data providers and moni­tored regularly for changes. In order to determine whether the pub­lished ratings are up to date and whether a significant increase in the credit risk has taken place, the determination of expected credit losses is based on rating information and credit default swap spreads together with available press and supervisory information. No im­pairments were recognized here in the 2025 fiscal year.

11. Non-current assets and liabilities held for sale

As of December 31, 2025, the consolidated statement of financial position includes non-current assets held for sale of TEUR 766 (2024: TEUR 3,483). As of December 31, 2024, liabilities directly associated with non-current assets held for sale amounting to TEUR 986 were reported.

The change in the carrying amounts is connected primarily to the sale of shares in Cargogate, which was completed in January 2025. TEUR 2,264 of the change is attributed to assets and TEUR 986 to liabilities.

The remaining assets relate largely to land that is held as an object of exchange in connection with the acquisition of land for extensions.

No reversals of write-downs of the carrying amounts of the non-current assets held for sale were made in the reporting year.

12. Equity Summary

The subscribed capital of Flughafen München GmbH is divided into three shares. All shares are fully paid.

The notional value per share was:

Composition of share capital

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Free State of Bavaria

156,456

156,456

Federal Republic of Germany

79,762

79,762

City of Munich

70,558

70,558

Total

306,776

306,776

Each ten euros of a share grant one vote within the scope of the resolution adopted by the Shareholders’ General Meeting. The disposal of the shares or parts thereof requires the approval of all shareholders.

The main components of the carrying amount of reserves were:

Composition of the carrying amounts of reserves

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Capital reserve

102,258

102,258

Actuarial gains and losses

−12,908

−13,789

Deferred taxes

3,178

3,864

Miscellaneous other revenue reserves

95,286

70,828

Revenue reserves

85,556 

60,903 

Reserves

187,814 

163,161 

The capital reserve results from a capital increase in connection with the construction of the airport facilities at the current location in Erdinger Moos. Capital reserves can only be recalled with the unan­imous consent of all shareholders.

Other revenue reserves are used in particular to finance investment projects with subsidiaries (AeroGround Flughafen München GmbH, FMSicherheit Flughafen München Sicherheit GmbH and Terminal 2 Gesellschaft mbH & Co. oHG). The Shareholders’ General Meetings decide upon the formation and withdrawal of these reserves.

The main components of other equity were:

Composition of the carrying amount of other equity

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Foreign currency translation

−378 

2,510 

Hedge reserve

918 

−2,368 

Deferred taxes

−305 

468 

Measurement through other comprehensive income

235 

610 

First-time adoption of IFRS

975,313

975,313

First-time application of IFRS 9

−1,637 

−1,637 

Miscellaneous other retained earnings

551,721

406,896

Retained earnings

1,525,397 

1,380,572 

Other equity

1,525,632 

1,381,182 

13. Capital management Summary

Capital management pursues the aim of ensuring the going concern and generating appropriate returns for the shareholders. Measures are taken to manage the capital structure and the profitability in order to achieve this aim.

a) Capital structure

Capital structure is controlled with a view to sustainably maintaining a company rating in the investment grade.

The prime key performance indicator (KPI) for the determination of the credit rating is net debt to adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is meant to create a sustainable KPI. Adjustments relate to non-recur­ring effects contained in the current EBITDA. In fiscal year 2025, there were no effects that were adjusted, therefore the adjusted EBITDA corresponds to the EBITDA.

The capital structure is managed with regard to the ratio between net debt and adjusted EBITDA as derived from the target rating. This ratio is compared with benchmark KPIs of capital market-listed companies of the European peer group at regular intervals.

Due to the shareholder structure of Flughafen München GmbH, the Group primarily concentrates its efforts to manage the capital struc­ture on the scope of financing through debt capital.

The ratio developed as follows:

Capital structure

TEUR

2025

2024

Financial liabilities from interests in partnerships

455,955

431,245

Other financial liabilities

2,611,500

2,554,127

Cash and cash equivalents

−26,095

−22,234

Net Debt

3,041,360

2,963,138

EBITDA of the fiscal year

416,871

398,095

Net Debt / EBITDA

7.3

7.4

Procedures and methods of controlling and monitoring the capital structure have not changed in comparison with the previous year.

b) Profitability

The Group uses EBT to measure profitability. A large part of the in­cen­tives of managers is based on this value. Within the framework of value-oriented management, Munich Airport strives to achieve a return on capital employed (ROCE) that can be used, among other things, to evaluate investments in comparison with the WACC (weight­ed average cost of capital).

EBT amounted to TEUR 146,656 in the 2025 fiscal year (2024: TEUR 103,099).

Procedures and methods for controlling and monitoring profitability have not changed in comparison with the previous year.

14. Financial liabilities from interests in partnerships

The carrying amount of financial liabilities from interests in partner­ships is approximately equal to their fair value.

The selected risk-adequate discount rate of 9.5% represents an after tax figure derived from the capital cost structure. In addition to the final maturity of the pro rata fixed capital, the financial liability also takes into account the discount­ed capital contributions and dis­count­ed potentials for distribution during the term of the contract through to 2056.

Under the accounting and measurement methods of these financial statements, the carrying amount is broken down by maturity. It does not therefore correspond to the actually expected maturities.

Breakdown of the carrying amount by maturity

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Carrying amount

455,955

431,245

of which non-current

447,858

431,245

of which current

8,097

0

The resulting financial liability and liquidity requirement for the Group can be approximately derived from the expected distributions and retained profit shares in subsequent years, as well as from the un­der­lying discount factors. A reduction in the interest rate will lead to an increase in the financial liability. The discount interest rate is only adjusted in the event of significant contractual changes.

The following sensitivity analysis provides a quantitative estimate of the scope of the above-mentioned risk:

Sensitivity analysis as of Dec. 31, 2025

Interest rate in %

8.5

9.5

10.5

Value of financial liability in TEUR

500,740

455,955

417,149

The calculation methods and assumptions did not change compared to the previous period.

15. Non-current financial liabilities Summary

Carrying amounts and fair values of non-current financial liabilities are attributable to the measurement categories described in Sec­tion IV.7.c) as follows:

Carrying amounts and fair values of non-current financial liabilities

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

At fair value through profit or loss

At amortized cost

No IFRS 9 measurement category

Total

Carrying amount

Fair value

Carrying amount

Fair value

Carrying amount

Fair value

Carrying amount

Fair value

Trade payables

0

0

16,363

16,569

0

0

16,363

16,569

Other liabilities

0

0

631

631

0

0

631

631

Liabilities

0

0

16,994

17,200

0

0

16,994

17,200

Financial liabilities from loans

0

0

2,330,942

2,238,892

0

0

2,330,942

2,238,892

Financial liabilities from leases1)

0

0

13,921

0

0

13,921

Non-derivative financial liabilities

0

0

2,344,863

2,238,892

0

0

2,344,863

2,238,892

Derivative financial liabilities (hedge accounting)

0

0

0

0

984

984

984

984

Other financial liabilities

0

0

2,344,863

2,238,892

984

984

2,345,847

2,239,876

Non-current financial liabilities

0

0

2,361,857

2,256,092

984

984

2,362,841

2,257,076

As of Dec. 31, 2024

At fair value through profit or loss

At amortized cost

No IFRS 9 measurement category

Total

Carrying amount

Fair value

Carrying amount

Fair value

Carrying amount

Fair value

Carrying amount

Fair value

Trade payables

0

0

12,817

13,432

0

0

12,817

13,432

Other liabilities

0

0

813

813

0

0

813

813

Liabilities

0

0

13,630

14,245

0

0

13,630

14,245

Borrowings

0

0

1,917,930

1,840,121

0

0

1,917,930

1,840,121

Financial liabilities from leases1)

0

0

14,858

0

0

14,858

Non-derivative financial liabilities

0

0

1,932,788

1,840,121

0

0

1,932,788

1,840,121

Derivative financial liabilities (hedge accounting)

0

0

0

0

2,758

2,758

2,758

2,758

Other financial liabilities

0

0

1,932,788

1,840,121

2,758

2,758

1,935,546

1,842,879

Non-current financial liabilities

0

0

1,946,418

1,854,366

2,758

2,758

1,949,176

1,857,124

  1. Financial liabilities from leases have to be recognized only with regard to derecognition in accordance with the categories set out in Section IV.7.a). Otherwise they are recognized in accordance with Section IV.6.

a) Non-current trade payables

Non-current trade payables mainly relate to warranty retentions.

b) Non-current other liabilities

Non-current other liabilities mainly relate to deposits and security deposits.

Deposits and security deposits bear interest at market rates. There are no significant differences between carrying amount and fair value.

c) Financial liabilities from loans

Non-current financial liabilities from loans mainly relate to syndicated loans and promissory note loans. The loans are subject to the usual non-financial covenants, including negative pledges and pari passu clauses. In addition, there are rights to cancel the event of changes in the shareholder structure of Flughafen München GmbH. No finan­cial covenants have been agreed.

Financial liabilities from loans included the following amounts:

Composition of financial liabilities from loans

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

Carrying amount

Transaction costs

Book value

Fixed interest rate

1,760,688

0

1,760,688

Floating interest rate

819,804

0

819,804

 

2,580,492

0

2,580,492

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Carrying amount

Transaction costs

Book value

Fixed interest rate

1,866,277

0

1,866,277

Floating interest rate

408,628

0

408,628

 

2,274,905

0

2,274,905

The main conditions of short and long-term loans with fixed interest rates are:

Key conditions of fixed-rate loans

As of Dec. 31, 2025
Currency

Carrying amount

Residual debt

Interest

TEUR

TEUR

from

in %

to

in %

EUR

1,753,667

1,750,988

0.16

4.44

As of Dec. 31, 2024
Currency

Carrying amount

Residual debt

Interest

TEUR

TEUR

from

in %

to

in %

EUR

1,850,394

1,848,060

0.16

4.44

The main conditions of the short-term and long-term floating-rate loans are as follows:

Key conditions of floating-rate loans

As of Dec. 31, 2025
Currency

Carrying amount

Residual debt

Base rate

TEUR

TEUR

EUR

819,804

819,535

3M- and 6M- EURIBOR

As of Dec. 31, 2024
Currency

Carrying

amount

Residual

debt

Base rate

TEUR

TEUR

EUR

408,628

408,285

3M- and 6M- EURIBOR

The current portion of financial liabilities from loans (including transaction costs) is reported under current financial liabilities.

d) Non-current financial liabilities from leases

The current portion of the financial liabilities from leases is presented among current financial liabilities.

16. Derivatives and hedge relationships Summary

Munich Airport uses derivatives as hedging instruments for financial risk management purposes. Trading in derivatives for speculative purposes is generally prohibited at Munich Airport.

The carrying amounts of the derivatives were as follows:

Carrying amount of derivative financial instruments

TEUR

Assets

Liabilities

As of Dec. 31, 2025

As of Dec. 31, 2024

As of Dec. 31, 2025

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Recognized hedges

Cash flow hedge

 

 

 

 

Interest rate swaps

1,091

139

984

2,745

Foreign exchange

transactions

415

36

0

13

1,506

175

984

2,758

Off-balance sheet hedges

Foreign exchange transactions

0

0

0

260

Total

1,506

175

984

3,018

The carrying amount of the derivatives equals their fair value.

The carrying amount of derivatives with a term to maturity of less than one year is recognized under current financial assets/liabilities.

a) Cash flow hedges

Munich Airport is exposed to a risk of interest rate change due to fluctuations in interest rates. To limit the interest rate risk, the Group concludes interest rate hedges for floating-rate loans. In this con­text, floating-rate payments are exchanged for fixed-rate payments (pay-fixed/receive-floating). This offsets to a large extent the effects from the change in interest payment obligations for future loans, so that a specific, floating rate of interest on the net position is sought for long-term (re)financing. Managing the hedging rate guarantees a high level of planning security for the interest result, while also faci­li­tating a participation should interest rates fall. The derivatives port­folio includes transactions that serve to settle current interest pay­ment obligations.

The risk management objective is to eliminate the risk of a change in cash flows resulting from interest rate changes («interest rate risk») using a designated portion of the nominal amount of the loans («hedg­ing ratio»). The hedging ratio is increased in accordance with the payment schedule of the loans. Within the limits defined by the hedg­ing ratio, the interest rate risk is supposed to be largely eliminated.

The hedged risk arises from the cash flows from floating interest rate loans. Interest rate swaps are used for hedging purposes, which are designated in their entirety in the hedge relationship.

Moreover, Munich Airport is also exposed to exchange rate risks resulting from fluctuating exchange rates; in the 2025 fiscal year, these were accounted for in the corresponding hedges. Foreign exchange transactions are concluded with banks to limit this risk. As a result, the impact of changing exchange rates is largely com­pensated, which guarantees a high level of planning certainty.

The risk management objective is to eliminate the risk of a change in cash flows due to changes in foreign currencies («foreign currency risk») by designating a portion of the nominal amount of the loan («hedging ratio»). The hedging ratio is increased in accordance with the payment schedule of the loan. Within the limits defined by the hedging ratio, the foreign currency risk is supposed to be largely eliminated.

The derivatives portfolio consisted of the following:

Derivatives portfolio

As of Dec. 31, 2025

Total

Maturity

2026

2027 to 2030

After 2030

Swaps

Nominal amount (TEUR)

205,000

0

70,000

135,000

Average fixed interest rate (in %)

0.00

2.77

2.57

Foreign exchange transactions

Nominal amount (TEUR)

6,014

298

5,715

0

Average EUR/USD forward rate

1.1

1.12

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Total

Maturity

2025

2026 to 2029

After 2029

Swaps

Nominal amount (TEUR)

140,000

10,000

50,000

80,000

Average fixed interest rate (in %)

0.60

2.65

2.68

Foreign exchange transactions

Nominal amount (TEUR)

6,315

302

6,013

0

Average EUR/USD forward rate

1.09

1.12

The carrying amount of hedged items and the derivatives that are designated as cash flow hedges changed as follows:

Carrying amount of hedged items

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

Value change used as the basis for recognizing an ineffectiveness of the hedge

Hedging reserve of cash flows 

Reserve for hedging costs

Instruments with floating interest rates

3,465

−182

Instruments with foreign currency

−415

−800

64

Hedged items as of Dec. 31, 2024

Value change used as the basis for recognizing an ineffectiveness of the hedge

Hedging reserve of cash flows

Reserve for hedging costs

Instruments with floating interest rates

−4,080

2,616

Instruments with foreign currency

−23

−45

−203

Carrying amount of the derivatives

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

Nominal amount

Carrying amount of the derivatives

of which the designated portion

Balance sheet item, in which the hedged item is included

Value change of the derivative that was recognized in other comprehensive income

Amount that was reclassified from other comprehensive income to profit or loss

Items in the statement of comprehensive income, in which the reclassification amount is included

Assets

Liabilities

Assets

Liabilities

Interest rate swaps

205,000

1,091

984

1,141

959

Financial liabilities from loans

−3,194

396

Interest result

Foreign exchange transactions

6,014

415

0

415

0

Financial liabilities from loans

−394

−94

Interest result

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Nominal amount

Carrying amount of the derivatives

of which the designated portion

Balance sheet item, in which the hedged item is included

Value change of the derivative that was recognized in other comprehensive income

Amount that was reclassified from other comprehensive income to profit or loss

Items in the statement of comprehensive income, in which the reclassification amount is included

Assets

Liabilities

Assets

Liabilities

Interest rate swaps

140,000

139

2,745

139

2,745

Financial liabilities from loans

4,104

−2,482

Interest result

Foreign exchange transactions

6,315

36

13

36

13

Financial liabilities from loans

247

−82

Interest result

The table below includes a reconciliation of the risk categories for the equity components and the analysis of the items in the other earnings after taxes that result from the accounting of cash flow hedges:

Development of the hedging reserve and reserve for hedging costs

TEUR

Hedging reserve

Reserve for hedging costs

As of Jan. 1, 2025

2,571

−203

Changes in fair value

 

Interest rate risk

−3,194

0

Foreign currency risk

−757

363

Amount that was reclassified into profit or loss

 

 

Interest rate risk

396

0

Foreign currency risk

2

−96

As of Dec. 31, 2025

−982

64

Hedging reserve

Reserve for hedging costs

As of Jan. 1, 2024

519

62

Changes in fair value

 

Interest rate risk

4,104

0

Foreign currency risk

410

−163

Amount that was reclassified into profit or loss

Interest rate risk

−2,482

0

Foreign currency risk

20

−102

As of Dec. 31, 2024

2,571

−203

The prospective effectiveness test is performed at designation and every quarter thereafter. The assessment of effectiveness takes place prospectively on the basis of qualitative features or using cumulative dollar offset methods on the basis of the hypothetical derivative method. Due to corresponding main measurement parameters and the designation of the hedge relationship as a micro hedge, the val­ue changes of the hedged item and the hedging transaction are al­most completely offset by one another. As a critical value parameter, a comparison is performed here of the reference interest rate, the term, the interest rate adjustment dates and terms, as well as the nominal amounts. Possible mismatches are expected from the con­sideration of the credit risk in the hypothetical derivative; but usually that does not lead to any ineffectiveness that has to be recorded through profit or loss. Further sources of ineffectiveness are not known in the Group.

b) Off-balance sheet hedge relationships

The carrying amount of non-designated hedge relationships results from foreign exchange transactions, which are used to limit liquidity risks arising from long-term sales agreements in foreign currency. The aim of these transactions is to ensure that expected fees are exchanged at a specific exchange rate.

The main terms of these foreign exchange transactions are:

Key conditions of foreign exchange transactions

As of Dec. 31, 2025

Nominal

amount

Munich

Airport

pays

Munich

Airport

receives

Exchange

rate from

Exchange

rate to

Type

TEUR

EUR/USD

EUR/USD

Foreign exchange transactions

0

USD

EUR

0.00

0.00

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Nominal

amount

Munich

Airport

pays

Munich

Airport

receives

Exchange

rate from

Exchange

rate to

Type

TEUR

EUR/USD

EUR/USD

Foreign exchange transactions

6,412

USD

EUR

1.06

1.12

17. Employee benefits Summary

Provisions for employee benefits include:

Carrying amounts of the provisions for employee benefits

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Post-employment pension commitments

23,151

24,896

+ Medical utility services

1,254

1,381

Post-employment benefits

24,405

26,277

+ Jubilee benefits

4,009

4,126

+ Partial retirement arrangements

10,242

15,289

+ Working time account

0

23

Other long-term employee benefits

14,251

19,438

+ Termination benefits

6,840

10,650

+ Bonus payments

13,292

8,845

+ Flexitime and vacation accounts

29,396

28,291

+ Unpaid wages and salaries

7,583

6,016

+ Other benefits

601

1,533

Other short-term employee benefits

50,872

44,685

Employee benefits

96,368

101,050

of which non-current

44,638

55,019

of which current

51,730

46,031

a) Obligations from pension commitments

Obligations from pension commitments are due to managing direc­tors, authorized signatories, and their surviving dependents. They comprise a total of 20 beneficiaries (December 31, 2024: 21), of which 0 is an active employee (Decem­ber 31, 2024: 1) and 20 are retirees, surviving dependents, and other beneficiaries (Decem­ber 31, 2024: 20). The amount of the benefits depends on the length of ser­vice, the salary at the time of retirement, and the general pension level. The pension payments are made from current operating cash flows.

Munich Airport has not invested any plan assets for the financing of pension benefit payments. The carrying amount of the provisions corresponds to the amount of the cumulative defined benefit obli­ga­tion.

The carrying amount of the pension commitments changed as follows:

Carrying amounts for obligation from pension commitments

TEUR

2025

2024

Obligation as of Jan. 1

24,896

25,809

Current service costs

0

7

Interest expense

814

857

Pension payments

−1,716

−1,667

Disposals of liabilities held for sale

0

-280

Actuarial gains and losses

−843

170

Obligation as of Dec. 31

23,151

24,896

Expected pension expense

865

814

Expected pension payments

−1,791

−1,748

Expected obligation as of Dec. 31 of the following year

22,225

23,962

The change in the balance of actuarial gains and losses can be attri­buted to the following reasons:

Reasons for the change in actuarial losses for obligations from pension commitments

TEUR

2025

2024

As of Jan. 1

12,170

12,000

Change in financial assumptions

−1,135

171

Changes in demographic parameters

0

−1

Experience-based adjustments

293

0

As of Dec. 31

11,328

12,170

The measurement of the pension obligations is based on the fol­low­ing assumptions:

Assumptions for the measurement of obligations from pension commitments

%

As of Dec. 31, 2025

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Discount rate

3.9

3.4

Salary trend

3.0

3.0

Pension trend

3.0

3.0

Fluctuation

0.0

0.0

The Heubeck Richttafeln GmbH mortality tables 2018 G were used as the basis of calculation in the 2025 fiscal year, using a monthly ad­vance payment method.

The average duration of the defined benefit obligation is 8 years (December 31, 2024: 10 years).

The liquidity risk resulting from pension commitments is moderate. The risk can be approximated from the expected pension payments of the following year and the average duration of the pension com­mitments.

Additional risks arise from fluctuations of interest rates as well as the salary and pension trend. A reduction of interest rates will result in an increase in the amount of the provisions for pension commitments. Likewise, the amount of the provision will also increase in line with an increase in the expected salary at the time of retirement. The same applies for an increase in the pension level following retire­ment. There is only a moderate risk, on the other hand, from a change in life expectancy.

The following sensitivity analysis provides a quantitative estimate of the scope of the above-mentioned risks:

Sensitivity analysis for obligations from pension commitments

%

As of Dec. 31, 2025

Change in assumption

Change in obligation

+

Discount rate

0.5

−4.5

4.9

Salary trend

0.5

0.0

0.0

Pension trend

0.5

4.9

−4.6

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Change in assumption

Change in obligation

+

Discount rate

0.5

−4.8

5.3

Salary trend

0.5

0.0

0.0

Pension trend

0.5

4.7

−4.4

The sensitivity analysis is based on the change of one assumption while holding all other assumptions constant. The sensitivities are calculated in accordance with the method used for the subsequent measurement of pension obligations (projected unit credit method).

The calculation methods and assumptions did not change compared to the previous period.

b) Obligations from medical utility services

Only active civil servants and pensioners are entitled to receive post-employment medical benefits. They comprise a total of 20 beneficia­ries (December 31, 2024: 20), of which 20 are retirees and surviving dependents (December 31, 2024: 20). The amount of the medical benefits depends on the length of service. Benefit payments will be paid lifelong from the date of retirement and will be provided in­di­rectly through insurance.

Munich Airport has not invested any plan assets for the financing of benefit payments. The carrying amount of the provisions corre­sponds to the amount of the cumulative defined benefit obligation.

The carrying amount of the medical benefit commitments changed as follows:

Carrying amounts for obligations from medical utility services

TEUR

2025

2024

Obligation as of Jan. 1

1,381

1,692

Current service cost and reversals

0

12

Interest expense

44

56

Benefit payments

−133

−138

Actuarial gains and losses

-38

−241

Obligation as of Dec. 31

1,254

1,381

Expected addition

46

44

Expected benefit payments

−134

−135

Expected obligation as of Dec. 31 of the following year

1,166

1,290

The change in actuarial losses is attributable to the following causes:

Reasons for the change in actuarial losses for obligations from medical utility services

TEUR

2025

2024

As of Jan. 1

1,621

1,862

Change in financial assumptions

−43

5

Experience-based adjustments

5

−246

As of Dec. 31

1,583

1,621

The measurement of the benefit obligations is based on the fol­low­ing assumptions:

Assumptions for the measurement of obligations from medical utility services

%

As of Dec. 31, 2025

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Discount rate

3.9

3.4

Fluctuation

0.0

0.0

Cost trend 

4.0

0.0

Average insurance premium in TEUR

6.0

6.9

The Heubeck Richttafeln GmbH mortality tables 2018 G were used as the basis of calculation in the 2025 fiscal year, using a monthly ad­vance payment method.

The average duration is six years (December 31, 2024: seven years).

The benefit commitments result in a moderate liquidity risk for the Group. This risk can be approximated from the expected benefit pay­ments of the following year and the average duration of benefit com­mit­ments.

Additional risks arise from fluctuations in the level of market interest rates and future medical costs. A decrease in the market interest rate level leads to an increase in the amount of the provisions for benefit obligations. The provision amount will likewise increase with an increase in the expected medical costs. There is only a moderate risk, on the other hand, from a change in life expectancy.

The following sensitivity analysis provides a quantitative estimate of the scope of the above-mentioned risks:

Sensitivity analysis for obligations from medical utility services

%

As of Dec. 31, 2025

Change in assumption

Change in obligation

+

Discount rate

0.5

−3.2

3.4

Cost trend

0.5

3.7

−3.5

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Change in assumption

Change in obligation

+

Discount rate

0.5

−3.5

3.7

Cost trend

0.5

3.9

−3.7

The sensitivity analysis is based on the change of one assumption while holding all other assumptions constant. The sensitivities are calculated in accordance with the method used for the subsequent measurement of benefit obligations (projected unit credit method).

The calculation methods and assumptions did not change compared to the previous period.

c) Post-employment benefits via the Bavarian municipalities’ supplementary welfare fund

All employees of Munich Airport employed in accordance with the provisions of the collective pay scale agreement for public sector employees receive an occupational pension. They are insured through their employer in the supplementary welfare fund of the Bavarian municipalities. The supplementary welfare fund provides all employ­ees of its members with insurance covering post-employment bene­fits, benefits to compensate for reductions in earning capacity, and benefits for surviving dependents.

The fund is financed via the levies and supplementary contributions of its members from investment and provisions. The contribution rate is determined on the basis of an annually updated actuarial calculation of the fund’s financing requirement over the planning horizon applicable at the time (maximum ten years). The current contribution rate is 3.75%. Furthermore, the fund collects an addi­tional contribution to build up a capital stock (currently 4.00%). If membership is canceled, the company withdrawing from the fund must make a compensatory contribution equal to the present value of all obligations to the company’s insured employees arising from post-employment benefits.

The occupational post-employment benefits provided via the welfare fund are a joint pension commitment by several companies. The members of the welfare fund bear the financial and biometric risk of post-employment benefits jointly. The – theoretically possible – asset allocation for each member is not constituted from the total contributions paid in each case but purely arithmetically from the total actuarial risks contributed in each case. Munich Airport is also exposed to the actuarial risks of the current and former employees of other external members in relation to the components of the obli­gation covered by the levy. It is impossible to reconcile the assets and a clear allocation of the obligation reliably. Post-employment benefits are therefore accounted for as a defined contribution plan. Contribution payments are recognized as an expense immediately.

Munich Airport is not aware of any deficits or surpluses at the wel­fare fund nor of the scope of other companies’ participation.

For the 2026 fiscal year, Munich Airport expects to make contribution payments and payments to direct insurance policies totaling TEUR 26,168. In the 2025 fiscal year, it made contribution payments and payments to direct insurance policies totaling TEUR 23,928.

18. Other provisions Summary

The carrying amount of other provisions developed as follows:

Change of the carrying amount of other provisions

TEUR

Regional fund

Tax and authorities’ audits

Miscellaneous

Total

As of Jan. 1, 2025

72,225

7,516

6,423

86,164

Additions

0

956

1,532

2,488

Use

0

−339

−1,728

−2,067

Reversals

0

−149

−1,289

−1,438

Currency translation

0

0

−14

−14

Compounding

1,701

5

38

1,744

Discounting

0

0

−2

−2

Interest rate changes

−2,336

0

−16

−2,352

Disposals from the scope of consolidation

0

0

−30

−30

As of Dec. 31, 2025

71,590

7,989

4,914

84,493

of which non-current

71,371

138

1,354

72,863

of which current

219

7,851

3,560

11,630

The provision for the regional fund includes binding commitments to support municipal infrastructure projects in the area surrounding Munich Airport. In the 2010 fiscal year, Munich Airport had committed to pay TEUR 10,000 for one road construction project each in the districts of Freising (Freising west bypass) and Erding (Erding north bypass). Of these funds, TEUR 9,779 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 9,779) had been drawn down up to the 2025 fiscal year. The remaining balance for the district of Erding is expected to be applied for and paid in 2026. In the event that the project is implemented, an additional TEUR 40,000 will be available to the surrounding communities and affected parties from the regional fund for traffic infrastructure projects and TEUR 50,000 will be available for other infrastructure projects and to mitigate individual hardships. These can be drawn down in maximum annual installments of TEUR 10,000 only once the implementation of the project has begun; there is no time limit.

Payments for other provisions are expected in the following intervals:

Expected payments due to other provisions

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

In one year

In 2 to 5 years

After 5 years

Regional fund

221

10,000

80,000

Tax and authorities’ audits

7,852

145

0

Miscellaneous

3,562

863

587

Total

11,635

11,008

80,587

As of the reporting date, there were loan commitments from cash pooling lines and loan commitments to non-consolidated subsidiaries and joint ventures as well as associated companies totaling TEUR 6,000 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 6,000) that were assigned an investment grade rating. The provision due to expected credit losses is recognized in the same amount of TEUR 3 as in the previous year and represents the 12-month credit loss.

19. Current financial liabilities Summary

The carrying amounts of current financial liabilities are attributable to the measurement categories described in Section IV.7.c) as follows. Due to their short-term nature, their carrying amount is a reasonable approximation of the fair value.

Carrying amounts of current financial liabilities

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

At fair value through profit or loss

At amortized cost

No IFRS 9 measurement category

Total

Trade payables

0

67,487

0

67,487

Refund liabilities

0

7,106

0

7,106

Other liabilities

0

123,182

0

123,182

Liabilities

0

197,775

0

197,775

Financial liabilities to shareholders

0

10,524

0

10,524

Financial liabilities from loans

0

249,550

0

249,550

Financial liabilities from leases1)

0

5,579

0

5,579

Non-derivative financial liabilities

0

265,653

0

265,653

Other financial liabilities

0

265,653

0

265,653

Current financial liabilities

0

463,428

0

463,428

As of Dec. 31, 2024

At fair value through profit or loss

At amortized cost

No IFRS 9 measurement category

Total

Trade payables

0

103,510

0

103,510

Refund liabilities

0

6,379

0

6,379

Other liabilities

0

91,465

0

91,465

Liabilities

0

201,354

0

201,354

Financial liabilities to shareholders

0

257,749

0

257,749

Financial liabilities from loans

0

356,975

0

356,975

Financial liabilities from leases1)

0

3,597

0

3,597

Non-derivative financial liabilities

0

618,321

0

618,321

Derivative financial liabilities (not hedge accounting)

260

0

0

260

Other financial liabilities

260

618,321

0

618,581

Current financial liabilities

260

819,675

0

819,935

  1. Financial liabilities from leases have to be recognized only with regard to derecognition in accordance with the categories set out in Section IV.7.a). Otherwise they are recognized in accordance with Section IV.6.

a) Other current liabilities

The carrying amount of other current liabilities was comprised as follows:

Carrying amounts of current other liabilities

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Outstanding invoices

79,913

57,099

Payables in connection with deposits

11,067

10,993

Payables to associates and shareholdings

12,174

8,805

Debtors with credit balances

6,420

5,987

Miscellaneous other payables

13,608

8,581

Total

123,182

91,465

b) Financial liabilities to shareholders

Of the financial liabilities to shareholders, TEUR 2,732 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 66,820) is attributed to the Federal Republic of Germany, TEUR 5,357 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 131,070) to the Free State of Bavaria and TEUR 2,435 (December 12, 2024: TEUR 59,859) to the City of Munich. This relates to accrued interest for the 2025 fiscal year , which is due in the following year. The interest expenses for loans to shareholders amounted to TEUR 10,524 in the reporting year (2024: TEUR 15,836).

c) Current financial liabilities from leases

Notes regarding financial liabilities from leases can be found in Sections IV.6 and VII.15.d).

20. Other liabilities

The carrying amount of other liabilities was comprised as follows:

Carrying amounts of other liabilities

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Liabilities from taxes and other levies

8,669

17,162

Advance payments received & miscellaneous

1,173

1,406

Other non-financial liabilities

9,842

18,568

Advance payments on leases

8,643

9,884

Advance payments in connection with construction activities

3,659

3,031

Advance payments on heritable building rights

2,807

2,924

Subsidies for outstanding investments

0

11,250

Other deferred income

1,707

2,531

Deferred incomes

16,816

29,620

Total

26,658

48,188

of which current

16,530

37,546

of which non-current

10,128

10,642

21. Contingent liabilities

Flughafen München GmbH (FMG) has agreed vis-à-vis Munich Airport International GmbH (MAI) to support MAI in fulfilling the contract with the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, USA, by providing defined services (excluding payments) if the project company Munich Airport NJ LLC set up by Munich Airport US Holding LLC or MAI are unable to provide the service independently. This «Letter of Support» is equivalent to a soft patronage by FMG without financial obligations between FMG and MAI. The «Letter of Support» therefore expressly does not give the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, USA, any right of recourse or claims against FMG. As of December 31, 2025, MAI has issued a performance bond in the amount of TEUR 29,787 or TUSD 35,000 (December 31, 2024: TEUR 33,689 or TUSD 35,000) – converted as of the reporting date of December 31, 2025 – under the EEA Terminal Operator Agreement (for the operation and devel­op­ment of terminal space at Newark Liberty Airport in the United States). At this point in time, the Group assumes that the risk of utilization is very low.

22. Operating permit

The Bavarian Ministry of Economic Affairs, Development, and Energy issued the approval for operations at Munich Airport under aviation law in accordance with Section 6 Luftverkehrsgesetz (LuftVG - Ger­man Air Traffic Act) on May 9, 1974. The operation permit contains all essential regulations for the operation of the airport.

In addition to the provisions of the aviation permit, the airport op­er­ator must observe the regulations resulting directly from the law (in particular the Air Traffic Act and ordinances issued from it). Under the terms of the agreement, Flughafen München GmbH must, among other things, maintain the airport in a safe operating condition at all times, provide and maintain the facilities (including noise and air) and signs required to control air traffic at the airport, and ensure fire protection and rescue services that take account of the special op­er­ating conditions.

The pricing of take-off and landing charges is subject to approval by the Bavarian State Ministry for Housing, Building and Transport. Air­lines are involved in the approval process by means of consulting procedures. The framework agreement on charges (ERV), which went into effect in the 2021 fiscal year, generally sets out the deve­lop­ment of air traffic charges up to and including 2030 and ensures the refi­nancing of infrastructure to a defined extent.

23. Contract assets and contract liabilities Summary

a) Contract balances

The balances from contracts with customers comprised:

Balances from contracts with customers

TEUR

As of Dec. 31, 2025

As of Dec. 31, 2024

Trade receivables

73,890

105,584

Contract assets

36,383

48,757

Contract liabilities

−15,015

−17,310

Revenue of TEUR 16,062 (2024: TEUR 13,382) was recognized in the 2025 fiscal year that was included in the balance of contract lia­bil­i­ties as of the end of the reporting period of the previous year. No re­venue due to a change in the transaction price for services already rendered in the previous year was realized.

b) Disclosures regarding material changes

Material changes in the balances from contracts with customers related to the following items in the reporting period:

Changes in balances from contracts with customers

TEUR

Contract assets

2025

2024

As of Jan. 1

48,757

52,581

Changes from service provision

1,575

3,788

Reclassifications to trade receivables

−8,918

−10,892

Adjustments from changes in estimates

99

−3

Disposals of assets and liabilities classified as held for sale

0

−7

Changes due to foreign currency translation

−5,050

2,949

Adjustments from contract changes

−80

341

As of Dec. 31

36,383

48,757

Contract liabilities

2025

2024

As of Jan. 1

17,310

14,181

Changes from service provision

−16,062

−13,832

Changes due to foreign currency translation

−1,039

385

Additions due to advance payments received from customers

6,310

8,090

Changes due to changes to contracts

8,500

8,503

Disposals from the scope of consolidation

−4

0

Disposals due to repayments

0

−17

As of Dec. 31

15,015

17,310

c) Remaining performance obligations

The following table includes future revenue, which is realized from performance obligations that are yet to be (partially) fulfilled:

Future expected revenues from the realization of (partially) remaining performance obligations

TEUR

2026

2027

2028 seqq.

Total

Parking

451

63

60

574

Other revenue

63,787

23,116

37,096

123,999

Total

64,238

23,179

37,156

124,573

Munich Airport makes use of the practical expedient of IFRS 15.121. The notes to the consolidated financial statements do not contain any information on remaining performance obligations that have an expected original term of less than one year, and no information on performance completed that has not yet been invoiced but has been recognized as revenue.